Bcci scandal case study

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This is only the first page of the syllabus to provide an overview of the course. The entire syllabus can be provided upon request. The paper deals with Ancient Egyptians Wisdom Texts, the problems connected with their examination and basic terms. This paper presents the main difficulties translators encounter when translating ancient Egyptian literary texts, whether due to problems of semantics, of grammar, of expressions and metaphors, or of cultural misunderstandings.

The translators' personal cultural background and sensitivities can also impact translations. These discrepancies, of which examples are given, often end up in very different translations of the same texts, showing to what extent our knowledge of Ancient Egyptian is still approximative. In addition to the difficulties met by translators translating from a Western language and culture into another Western language of a related culture, in the case of Ancient Egyptian literature, its historical period, the complexities of its language and scripts and the fact that Ancient Egypt is an 'oriental culture' with specific characteristics, and different norms for the literariness of texts, all of the above make translation even more difficult for Western scholars because, as M.

Agar says, "You cannot use a new language unless you change the consciousness that is tied to the old one, unless you reach beyond the circle of grammar and dictionaries, out of the old world and into a new one. We really need updated dictionaries and much research in comparative Egyptian documents to establish the final text to be translated and, we would hope, the precise meaning of its words, as our current knowledge of this language is still imperfect in spite of the progress that is done daily.

We could repeat here what Gardiner wrote "to sum up, the terminology adopted by us is not intended to bear too technical or too precise an interpretation". Because of these differences, translators who wish to modernize the texts, for example, and adapt them to their modern language and culture may lose, by doing so, the identity of the texts and the emotional feeling they convey when the translation allows the reader to appreciate its antiquity and the cultural context it reveals.

These are points that I would like to present in this paper, not based on theories as much as they are based on Egyptologists' different experiences and different 'interpretations' of the same text as will be discussed below. Before doing so, I would like to clarify that I shall present in this paper examples taken from what is usually considered as Belles Lettres.